Fire remains one of the most destructive hazards in any building. A fire risk assessment is a legal requirement for virtually all non-domestic premises and is the foundation upon which effective fire safety management is built. The responsible person, typically the employer, building owner, or occupier, must ensure that a suitable and sufficient assessment is carried out and kept up to date.
This fire risk assessment checklist provides a structured approach to evaluating fire hazards, identifying people at risk, and verifying that prevention and protection measures are adequate for your building.
Why Fire Risk Assessments Matter
Fires in commercial and public buildings can result in fatalities, life-changing injuries, massive financial losses, and criminal prosecution for those responsible. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 in England and Wales, along with equivalent legislation in Scotland and Northern Ireland, places clear duties on responsible persons to assess and manage fire risks. Similar requirements exist in jurisdictions worldwide.
A fire risk assessment is not a one-off exercise. Buildings change, occupancy patterns shift, and new fire hazards can be introduced through refurbishment, changes in use, or simply through poor housekeeping. Regular review ensures that your fire safety measures remain proportionate and effective.
Fire Risk Assessment Checklist
Identifying Sources of Ignition
The first step is to identify anything that could start a fire. Ignition sources include electrical equipment, heating systems, cooking appliances, hot work, and even arson. Each source must be assessed and managed.
- Electrical equipment is maintained, PAT tested, and not overloaded
- Heating appliances are guarded and positioned away from combustible materials
- Smoking is prohibited in the building and designated smoking areas are away from entrances
- Hot work procedures require permits and fire watches are conducted after completion
- Arson prevention measures are in place, including secure bins and external lighting
Identifying Sources of Fuel
Fuel sources include anything that can burn, from paper and textiles to flammable liquids and gases. Reducing the fuel load and managing storage is critical to limiting fire spread.
- Flammable liquids and gases are stored in approved containers within ventilated areas
- Waste materials and recycling are not allowed to accumulate inside the building
- Combustible materials are stored away from ignition sources and escape routes
- Upholstered furniture and furnishings meet fire resistance standards
Fire Detection and Warning Systems
Early detection and warning give occupants the time they need to evacuate safely. Detection systems must be appropriate for the building type and maintained to the relevant standard.
- Smoke detectors, heat detectors, or a combination are installed in all relevant areas
- The fire alarm system is tested weekly and serviced at least every six months
- Manual call points are located at exits and along escape routes
- The alarm is audible throughout the building, including in areas with high background noise
- A fire alarm log book is maintained with records of all tests and faults
Means of Escape
Escape routes must allow all occupants, including those with disabilities, to reach a place of safety quickly. Routes must be kept clear, adequately lit, and properly signed at all times.
- Escape routes are clearly signed with photoluminescent or illuminated exit signs
- Fire doors are self-closing, in good condition, and not propped open
- Emergency lighting is installed along escape routes and tested regularly
- Final exit doors can be opened easily from inside without a key
- Escape routes are free from obstructions, combustible storage, and trip hazards
Firefighting Equipment
Portable firefighting equipment provides a first response capability for small fires. Equipment must be appropriate for the fire risks present and accessible to trained users.
- Fire extinguishers are located on escape routes near exits and near specific hazards
- Extinguisher types match the risks present, such as CO2 for electrical fires and foam for liquid fires
- Extinguishers are serviced annually and visually inspected monthly
- Fire blankets are provided in kitchen areas and near hot work zones
Emergency Planning and Procedures
An emergency plan ensures that everyone in the building knows what to do if a fire occurs. Plans must account for the building layout, the number and type of occupants, and any specific hazards present.
- A written fire emergency plan is in place and communicated to all staff
- Fire drills are conducted at least twice a year and outcomes are recorded
- Fire wardens or marshals are appointed, trained, and identifiable
- Assembly points are designated, signed, and known to all occupants
- Personal emergency evacuation plans are in place for individuals with mobility or sensory impairments
Best Practices for Fire Risk Assessments
- Appoint a competent person to carry out the assessment, whether internal or an external fire safety consultant
- Review the assessment at least annually and immediately after any significant change to the building or its use
- Involve staff in fire safety by providing regular training and encouraging reporting of fire hazards
- Keep detailed records of all tests, maintenance, training, and drills for at least three years
- Address findings promptly, prioritising any issue that affects means of escape or detection systems
How Checksheets Helps
Checksheets provides digital fire risk assessment templates that guide you through every element of the assessment process. Capture findings, photograph issues, and assign corrective actions to responsible persons directly within the platform. Automated reminders ensure that alarm tests, extinguisher servicing, and drill schedules are never missed. All records are stored centrally, giving you a complete, auditable fire safety management history that is ready for inspection at any time.
With Checksheets, managing fire risk becomes systematic, transparent, and far less time-consuming, allowing you to focus on keeping your building and its occupants safe.